Incinerator



Dec. 1.7, 1968 M; DV|RKA ETAL INCINERATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Nov. 25, 1966 lll" INVENTORS Mllzo DvniKA AUQAM B.'ZANs=-1 Dec. 417, 1968 M, DvlRKA ETAL 3,416,469 l INCINERATOR Filed Nov. 25. 1966 2 sheets-sheer e INVENFORS Mmc DvmKf Aurmm BZANFT mfv mmbwwamluhm ATTORNEYS United States Patent O 3,416,469 INCINERATOR Miro Dvirka, Long Island City, and Auram B. Zanft,

New York, N.Y., assignors to Hagan Industries, Incorporated, Corona, N.Y., a corporation of New York Filed Nov. 25, 1966, Ser. No. 597,026 15 Claims. (Cl. 11.0-7)

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An incinerator comprising a combustion chamber, a first residue chamber disposed adjacent the combustion chamber, a second residue chamber disposed adjacent the first residue chamber, means disposed in the combustion chamber for conveying residue toward and discharging the residue into the residue chambers and classifying means for receiving residue from the conveyor means operable to permit residue particles smaller than a predetermined size to be discharged into the residue chamber and to discharge residue particles the predetermined size or larger into the second residue chamber.

This invention relates to the incinerator art and more particularly to large capacity incinerators of the type normally used in industrial, commercial and municipal installations.

In most conventional large capacity incinerators of the type used in industrial, commercial and municipal installations, there generally is provided a combustion chamber, a grate assembly disposed within the combustion chamber, and a charging chute or opening through which refuse is deposited onto the grate assembly for burning. Usually, in such arrangements, the residue from the grate assembly is discharged onto a conveyor for quenching and removal of the residue from the incinerator.

In the use of such general type of incinerator as described, it has been found that bulky residue, such as large pieces of metallic articles and the like which are not burned, are likely to interfere with the operation and cause damage to the grate assembly, the wall structure of the incinerator or the conveyor means utilized for removing residue from the incinerator. It also has been found that because of the heterogenous quality of the refuse, the variety in size and combustion properties of the various components, some components are not completely consumed during the time of residence on the grate and are, therefore, discharged onto the conveyor and quenched arresting further incineration. The resulting residue will therefore contain unburned waste materials.

In conventional practice in the past, such incinerators have been provided with large access doors through which such bulky residue has been removed from the combustion chamber. However, such means for removing bulky residue from the incinerator has been found not to be entirely satisfactory, in that it requires constant surveillance of the refuse deposited on the grate assembly within the combustion chamber. Furthermore, the discharge of unburned refuse reduces the quality of the residue in that it increases the percentage of such unburned materials exceeding that customarily allowed.

Accordingly, it is the principal object of this invention to provide an improved incinerator.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved incinerator having a large capacity and adapted for industrial, commercial and municipal uses.

A further object of this invention is to provide an improved incinerator in which interference or damage caused by bulky residue is eliminated.

A more specic object of this invention is to provide an improved incinerator in which means and space are Patented Dec. 17, 1968 "ice provided to receive unburned or partially burned refuse and to hold such refuse until completely consumed.

Another specific object of this invention is to provide an improved incinerator in which the premature quenching of waste material is eliminated, thus improving the quality of the residue.

A still further object of this invention is to provide an improved incinerator in which bulky residue can be removed from the incinerator without constant survelliance by operating personnel.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel incinerator having an ash removal conveyor wherein change to such ash removal conveyor by bulky residue is avoided.

A further object of this invention is to provide a novel incinerator in which bulky residue is collected in a readily accessible area within the incinerator, wherefrom it can be easily removed.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide a novel incinerator in which ash and bulky residue are separated and removed independently from the incinerator.

A further object of this invention is to provide means of discharging the ashes resulting from the combustion of the bulky refuse into the residue conveyor.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel incinerator in which bulky residue can be segregated from ash residue and removed therefrom, which is relatively simple in construction and comparatively inexpensive to manufacture and operate.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent to those persons skilled in the art, from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a vertical sectional view of an embodiment of the invention, having a portion thereof broken away;

FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2 2 in FIGURE l; and

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the grate illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 2.

Briefly described, the present invention relates to an incinerator generally comprising a combustion chamber, a first residue chamber disposed adjacent the combustion chamber, a second residue and combustion chamber disposed adjacent the second residue chamber, means disposed in the combustion chamlber for conveying residue toward and discharging the residue into the residue chambers and classifying means for receiving residue from the conveyor means, operable to permit residue particles smaller than a predetermined size, to be discharged into the first residue chamber and to discharge residue and unburned refuse particles of the predetermined size and larger into the second residue and combustion chamber.

In a more specific embodiment of the invention, there is provided an incinerator comprising a combustion charnberga first residue chamber disposed adjacent the com- Ibustion chamber, a second residue and combustion chamber disposed adjacent the second residue chamber, both residue chambers 'being disposed below the level of the combustion chamber and the first residue chamber being interposed between the combustion chamber and the second residue and combustion chamber, a grate assembly disposed in the combustion chamber for conveying residue toward and discharging the same into the residue chambers, an inclined grate mounted above the iirst residue chamber for receiving residue and unburned refuse from the grate assembly in the combustion chamber, whereby residue particles smaller than a predetermined size discharged thereon from the grate assembly, fall therethrough into the first residue chamber, and particles of the predetermined size and larger discharged thereon from the grate assembly, slide .into the second residue and combustion chamber, conveyor means disposed in the first residue chamber for removingr residue therefrom, and the second residue and combustion chamber being provided `with access means for removing residue therefrom.

Referring to the drawings, there is illustrated an embodiment of the invention. The embodiment includes an incinerator structure 10, having a bottom wall 11, an inclined upper wall 12, side walls 13 and 14, a front wall 15, and a rear wall 16, defining a combustion chamber 17. Disposed at the rear end of the incinerator and cornmunicating with the combustion chamber 17 is a flue 17a for carrying off the gases of combustion from the combination chamber. Disposed below the flue 17a and below the bottom level of the combustion chamber 17 are an ash residue pit or cham-ber 18 and a bulky residue and unburned refuse pit or chamber 19.

The ash residue chamber 18 is interposed between the front and main section of the combustion chamber and the bulky residue chamber 19, and is provided with vertical front and rear walls 20 and 21, vertical side walls 22 and 23 substantially forming continuations of combustion chamber walls 13 and 14 and a bottom wall 24. Mounted in the lower end of the ash residue cham-ber 18 and extending transversely through an access opening 25 in side wall 23, is a conveyor unit 26, as best illustrated in FIGURE 2. The conveyor unit 26 is utilized for the removal of ash residue discharged into the ash residue chamber 18. The chamber 18 also is partially filled with water having its level above the level of the conveyor for quenching ash residue deposited onto the conveyor.

The bulky residue chamber 19 is provided with a vertical front wall 27, disposed adjacent the rear wall 21 of the ash residue chamber, a vertical rear wall 21 of the ash residue chamber, a vertical rear wall 28, substantially forming a continuation of combustion chamber rear wall 16, vertical side walls 29 and 30, substantially forming continuations of combustion chamber side walls 13 and 14, and a bottom wall 31 which can be elevated, as shown, relative to the bottom wall 24 of ash residue chamber 25, and below the bottom wall 11 of the combustion chamber. The side Wall is provided with an opening 32, having an access door 33. Bulky residue discharged into the bulky residue chamber 19 can be removed through the opening 32. Bulky unburned refuse is kept in residue chamber 19 until combustion is completed. The residue resulting from such combustion may be flushed or otherwise discharged into residue chamber 18 through an opening 19a.

Although not disclosed in the drawings, the incinerator is provided either with a charging chute or opening in the front or top wall thereof, whereby refuse may be charged into the combustion chamber and deposited on a grate assembly 34. The grate assembly preferably is inclined so that residue thereon is directed toward and discharged into the residue chambers. The grate assembly can be of any suitable type sufficient to convey residue toward the residue chambers, such as a traveling chain grate, a reciprocating grate, a rocking grate, a vibrating grate, and the like.

Disposed at the end of the grate assembly 34 and above the ash residue chamber 18 is a second grate 35, which extends across substantially the entire width of the chamber 18. As best seen in FIGURE 3, the grate 35 consists of a pair of parallel spaced tubular members 36 and 37 interconnected by a plurality of parallel spaced tubular members 38. The tubular member 36 of grate 35 is disposed adjacent and just below the rear end of the grate assembly 34, and is supported on a bracket 39 mounted on a vertical transversely extending wall 40. The tubular member 37 is supported on a V-shaped bracket 41, mounted on the upper end of rear wall 21 so that the grate 35 bridges the upper end of ash residue chamber 18 and is inclined downwardly from the rear end of the grate assembly 34 to the bulky residue and unburned refuse chamber 19.

In the operation of the incinerator illustrated in the drawings, refuse is charged into the combustion chamber and deposited on the upper front end of the grate assembly 34, through either the charging chute or the charge Opening in the front or top wall, as may be provided. The refuse is burned on the grate assembly and the residue thereof is conveyed rearwardly toward the residue chambers and discharged onto the grate 35, The small ash residue deposited on grate 35 will fall between the openings provided between the connecting tubular members 38, and will be quenched while deposited on the conveyor 26, wherefrom they are removed from the incinerator through the opening 25. Large bulky residue and unburned refuse is caused to slide down the grate 35 into the bulky residue chamber 19. The bulky residue can be removed through opening 32 and the ash residue resulting from the cornbustion of bulky refuse may be discharged through opening 19a onto conveyor 26 in chamber 18. It will be appreciated that by diverting large bulky residue and unburned refuse into the bulky residue chamber 19, such residue is prevented from being discharged into the ash residue chamber 18 and deposited on the conveyor 26, causing possible damage or malfunctioning of the conveyor. Unburned bulky refuse is maintained in chamber 19 until combustion thereof is completed. It further will be noted that by the use of the grate 35 and the bulky residue chamber 19, the necessity of constant surveillance of the residue in the main combustion chamber land the removal of bulky residue therefrom, is eliminated.

The grate 35 can be constructed from any suitable material and the openings therein can be made of any desired size, to permit the desired classification of residue discharged thereon from the grate assembly 34. Also, the grate 35 preferably is removably mounted in the incinerator so that it may be readily removed to provide access to the ash residue chamber 18 or for replacement purposes.

From the foregoing detailed description it will be evident that there are a number of changes, adaptations and modifications of the present invention which come within the province of those skilled in the art. However, it is intended that `all such variations not departing from the spirit of the invention be considered as within the scope thereof as limited solely by the appended claims.

What we claim is:

1. An incinerator comprising a combustion chamber, a first residue chamber disposed adjacent said combustion chamber, a second residue chamber disposed adjacent said first residue chamber, means disposed in said combustion chamber for conveying residue toward and discharging said residue into said residue chambers, classifying means for receiving residue from said conveyor means operable to permit residue particles smaller than a predetermined size to be discharged into said first residue chamber and to discharge residue particles said predetermined size or larger into said second residue chamber, `a vertical wall separating said residue chambers, said second residue chamber being unobstructed and having an imperforate bottom surface for supporting residue particles said predetermined size or larger for residual burning, the bottom surface of said second residue chamber lying below the lower end of said classifying means and above the lower end of said first residue chamber, said second chamber having a depth suicient to prevent residue deposited therein to accumulate to a level above the lower level of said classifying means and said wall having an opening for discharging residue from said second residue chamber into said first residue chamber.

2. An incinerator according to claim 1, wherein said first residue chamber is interposed between said combustion chamber and said second residue chamber.

3. An incinerator according to claim 1, wherein said conveyor means comprises a grate assembly.

4. An incinerator according to claim 1, wherein a conveyor means is provided in said rst residue chamber for removal of residue therefrom.

5. An incinerator according to claim 1, wherein said residue chambers are disposed below the level of said combustion chamber whereby residue is received therein by gravity fall.

6. An incinerator according to claim 1, wherein said second residue chamber is provided with access means for removal of residue therefrom.

7. An incinerator according to claim 1, wherein said first residue chamber is interposed between said combustion chamber and said second residue chamber, said residue chambers are disposed below the level of said cornbustion chamber whereby residue is received therein by gravity fall, conveyor means is provided in said rst residue chambers for removal of residue therefrom, said second residue chamber is provided with access means for removal of residue therefrom and said conveyor means comprises a grate assembly.

8. An incinerator according to claim 1, wherein said classifying means comprises a grate.

9. An incinerator according to claim 8, wherein said first residue chamber is interposed between said combustion chamber and said second residue chamber.

10. An incinerator according to claim 8, wherein said conveyor means comprises a grate assembly.

11. An incinerator according to claim 8, wherein a conveyor means is provided in said rst residue chamber for removal of residue therefrom.

12. An incinerator according to claim 8, wherein said residue chambers are disposed below the level of said combustion chamber whereby residue is received therein by gravity fall.

13. An incinerator according to claim 8, wherein said second residue chamber is provided with access means for removal of residue therefrom.

14. An incinerator according to claim 8, wherein said grate is inclined relative to the horizontal whereby residue particles smaller than said predetermined size fall therethrough into said rst residue chamber and residue particles of said predetermined size and larger slide into said second residue chamber.

15. An incinerator according to claim 8, wherein said said rst residue chamber is interposed between said combustion chamber and said second residue chamber, said residue chambers are disposed below the level of said combustion chamber whereby residue is received therein by gravity fall, said conveyor means comprises a grate assembly, said grate is inclined relative to the horizontal whereby residue particles smaller than said predetermined size discharged thereon from said grate assembly fall therethrough into said first residue chamber, and particles of said predetermined size and larger discharged thereon from said grate assembly slide into said second residue chamber, said rst residue chamber is provided with a conveyor means for removal of residue therefrom and said second residue chamber is provided with access means for removal of residue therefrom.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,813,156 7/1931 Gilchrist 110-7 3,031,981 5/1962 Smauder 110-8 FOREIGN PATENTS 586,872 4/ 1947 Great Britain.

JAMES W. WESTHAVER, Primary Examiner.

U.S. Cl. X.R.

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